Improving cancer diagnostics with exosomal ct-DNA
Alex Rolland and his team at Cancer Treatment Options and Management Inc. focus on advancing oncology research to enhance cancer diagnostics and treatment effectiveness. Their collaboration with Norgen Biotek has yielded significant advancements in liquid biopsy technology, particularly in extracting circulating tumor DNA (ct-DNA) and exosomal RNA from patient blood samples. By utilizing Norgen's innovative extraction kits, they achieved high yields of cancer-specific ct-DNA fragments, crucial for monitoring treatment responses and disease progression. Their approach includes custom probes to monitor treatment responses and detect mutations, crucial for guiding personalized therapies and improving patient outcomes worldwide.
Spatial transcriptomics is transforming cancer research by enabling detailed analysis of tumor complexity while preserving natural cell interactions. This innovative technique allows researchers to visualize gene expression patterns within the tumor microenvironment, uncovering interactions between different cell types and surrounding structures such as blood vessels and immune cells. By integrating spatial transcriptomics with advanced computational tools, scientists can identify biomarkers, map signaling pathways, and understand how these factors influence treatment response and resistance. This approach holds great promise for advancing personalized medicine in oncology, facilitating the development of targeted therapies tailored to individual patients based on their unique tumor biology.
Mechanisms of action and resistance to epigenetic cancer therapy valemetostat, revealed with single cell ATAC-seq
Researchers from the University of Tokyo, University of Ryukyus, and Daiichi Sankyo Co. used single-cell technologies, including Chromium Single Cell ATAC and Gene Expression assays, to uncover the mechanisms of action and resistance of valemetostat, a dual inhibitor targeting EZH1 and EZH2, in treating adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). They found that valemetostat reduces H3K27me3 levels, leading to chromatin relaxation and reactivation of tumor suppressor genes, which improves patient outcomes. Additionally, the treatment increases expression at previously repressed gene loci, countering the epigenetic repression observed in cancer cells. By exploiting Chromium Single Cell ATAC, these findings open a new realm of therapy development, offering promising directions for more effective and durable cancer treatments.
Single Cell Gene Expression
Cancer is a multifaceted disease driven by the complex interplay of diverse immune cells. To elucidate the heterogeneity of tumor microenvironments and assess the efficacy of innovative therapeutics, leveraging Chromium Single Cell Multiome ATAC + Gene Expression for comprehensive epigenetic profiling is essential. This advanced technique is pivotal in deciphering the mechanisms of gene activation and silencing that propel cancer progression.
Utilizing Single Cell RNA Sequencing to Target Ovarian Cancer
Recent advancements have utilized the Chromium Single Cell Immune Profiling assay to develop an in-depth tumor microenvironment atlas, focusing on primary tumors, metastases, and particularly ascites – the fluid accumulation common in advanced cases. This study identified immune cells in ascites that could potentially enhance the immune response against primary and metastatic tumors.
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